Diclofenac
Description:
Diclofenac, being a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is used to control pain and inflammation. It is often prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis, other conditions involving muscle pain, menstrual cramps, and other inflammatory conditions. The diclofenac prevents the activities of enzymes that are involved in the formation of prostaglandins, which are the chemicals responsible for inducing pain, fever, and swelling. The drug is available as tablets, capsules, gels for topical use, and eye drops.
Clinical Uses:
Primary Uses:
Diclofenac is commonly used for treatment in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, where the purpose is to reduce joint pain, swelling, and stiffness so that patients can move more freely and easily.
It is equally useful for the management of acute musculoskeletal pain from sprains, strains, or sports injuries. It may be used orally or topically according to the site and degree of pain.
In women suffering from primary dysmenorrhea, it provides relief from menstrual cramps by decreasing uterine inflammation and reducing pain receptor sensitivity.
Off-Label Uses:
Off-label, Diclofenac may be used for gout attacks, migraine prevention, or post-operative dental pain. While not officially approved for these uses, many practitioners find it effective in reducing acute pain and inflammation when used short-term.
How Does Diclofenac Work?:
Mechanism of Action:
Diclofenac acts through the inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX), with selective inhibition for COX-2. Prostaglandins are compounds responsible for inflammation, pain, and fever. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects are achieved by lowering their production. Systemically via oral dose, or locally via absorption through the gel, Diclofenac provides general and targeted pain relief.
Dosage and Administration
Recommended Dosage:
In most adults, the usual oral dose of Diclofenac is 50 mg 2-3 times daily, or 75 mg twice daily, depending on the formulation and on the condition being treated. Extended-release formulations can be taken once a day. The lowest effective dosage for the briefest duration in case of acute pain.
Administration Instructions:
To reduce the chances of gastric irritation, Diclofenac should be taken with food or a full glass of water. Tablets should be swallowed whole; they should not be crushed or chewed unless they are purposely allowed for such. Patients using the topical gel should apply it directly to the affected area, avoiding open wounds or mucous membranes.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects:
Nausea, indigestion, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and dizziness are some of the common side effects. The topical form can also cause skin irritation. These reactions are generally mild and tend to resolve on their own with continued drug use or adjustment of the dosage.
Serious Side Effects:
Serious risks include potentially fatal gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, elevations of liver enzymes, kidney damage, and cardiovascular events such as a heart attack or stroke, particularly with prolonged use. In rare cases, severe allergic reactions may occur, including rash, breathing problems, or swelling of the face.
Warnings and Precautions
Warnings:
Diclofenac is subject to black box warnings related to an increased risk of serious cardiovascular events and gastrointestinal bleeding. Such patients should never use it without the express consent of a physician if they have had attacks of myocardial infarction, stroke, or ulcers. Fairly long-term use, especially at higher doses, significantly enhances these risks.
Precautions:
Warnings should be considered for patients with liver disease, kidney impairment, high blood pressure, or asthma. Regular monitoring of renal function and liver enzymes is advised for long-term therapy. Patients should also refrain from using multiple NSAIDs concurrently to curb the associated side effects.
Drug Interactions
Medications to Avoid:
Diclofenac should not be used along with other NSAIDs like ibuprofen or naproxen for a higher risk of stomach bleeding and renal impairment. Also, be careful in combination with warfarin, anticoagulants, corticosteroids, lithium, and some blood pressure drugs.
Alcohol:
Alcohol consumption during treatment with Diclofenac may confer a risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and liver toxicity; patients should therefore limit or, preferably, avoid alcohol consumption during therapy.
Treatment of Missed Doses and Overdose
Missed Dose:
For a missed dose of Diclofenac, take it as soon as it comes to mind. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, simply skip the missed one. Do not take extra tablets to make up for the missed dose.
Overdose:
An overdose may manifest through severe stomach pain, vomiting, drowsiness, decreased breathing, or seizures. In the event of an overdose, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
Storage and Disposal
Storage Conditions:
Diclofenac should be stored at room temperature in a dry place and protected from heat and light. Keep the drug in its original container, out of reach of children and pets.
Disposal Method:
Never flush or pour Diclofenac down the drain. Dispose of it via an approved medication take-back program or follow your local waste disposal guidance.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How can I order Diclofenac online?
Some countries allow you to get Diclofenac in oral forms by valid prescriptions, but some also have a gel preparation of the medicine. Always use a licensed pharmacy such as Rapid RX and follow your doctor’s instructions.
How much different is Diclofenac?
Diclofenac is available in the form of tablets, extended-release tablets, topical gels, patches, eye drops, and suppositories. Your doctor will select the best form suited for your condition.
Should Diclofenac be taken with food?
Indeed, Diclofenac should be taken with food or milk because it minimizes stomach irritation. Taking it on an empty stomach may increase its gastrointestinal side effects.
How long does it take for Diclofenac to work?
Although full anti-inflammatory effects generally take several days of consistent use to occur, pain relief may begin within 30 to 60 minutes of having taken a dose of Diclofenac.
Does Diclofenac cause drowsiness?
Drowsiness generally doesn’t occur, although some people may feel dizzy or tired. Therefore, you should avoid driving or using machinery until you know how it affects you.
What should I avoid while taking Diclofenac?
Avoid alcohol, other NSAIDs, and any medications that would affect your liver or kidneys unless advised to do so by your healthcare provider.
Is Diclofenac a steroid?
No, diclofenac is an NSAID and thus does not possess hormonal steroid-like effects.
Related Products
Complementary Medications:
Diclofenac is taken with certain gastroprotective medications, such as omeprazole, against ulcers. In addition, during pain relief, acetaminophen may also be added if needed.
Additional Supplies:
When working for localized conditions, treatment with diclofenac should be done along with heat/cold therapy, braces, or physical therapy equipment to increase improvement. Topical forms may also benefit from support devices in specific pain relief.
Customer Reviews
“I take Diclofenac for knee osteoarthritis, and it helps more than any other medication I’ve tried. I take it with food and have had no side effects.”
- Gerald M., WebMD
“The gel works wonders for my wrist pain from typing all day. I love that it doesn’t upset my stomach like pills do.”
- Dina H., Drugs.com
“I use the extended-release version and it controls my rheumatoid arthritis symptoms throughout the day.”
- Robert S., Everyday Health
“It’s the only thing that touches my period pain. I take one tablet and feel better in 30 minutes.”
- Amanda B., Healthgrades
“As long as I don’t drink alcohol, I’m fine. It’s been great for my chronic back pain and I’ve been able to avoid stronger meds.”
- Valerie J., Mayo Clinic Reviews
